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Cerebration and Practice of Expanded feedstock sources for Ethylene units

Cao Xianghong

Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 5,   Pages 35-43

Abstract: It raises a new concept of expanding feedstock sources different from the global trend of using lighterfeedstock.distillate which is the by-product of the de-waxing of the vacuum second and third cuts, can be used as feedstockThis article summarizes the performance tests of the feedstock, the evaluation in a simulated crackerIt proves that the feedstock ensures high ethylene yield and longer service lfie of cracker, thus is

Keywords： ethylene     feedstock     sources    

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Facile strategy for carbon foam fabrication with lignin as sole feedstock and its applications

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2023, Volume 17, Issue 8,   Pages 1051-1064 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2248-x

Abstract: This research is a follow-up to our recent discovery of a facile strategy for directly converting lignin powder into carbon foam. In this work, we report that the thermal pretreatment parameters in air can remarkably influence the formation and properties of the derived carbon foam. Thermal pretreatment parameters (heating rate, temperature, and residence time) were systematically investigated and a conversion mechanism into carbon foam was proposed. During the thermal pretreatment, relatively low temperatures, low heating rates, and short residence time hindered the formation of smooth and well-connected structures in the carbon foam. The overall product yields were similar regardless of the thermal pretreatment conditions. The densities of the different carbon foams ranged 0.27–0.83 g∙cm−3. The carbon foams with the highest compressive strengths (> 10 MPa) were KLPC280-2-5, KLPC300-0-5, and KLPC300-2-2.5. KLPC280-2-5 exhibited a high iodine sorption value (182 mg∙g−1). KLPC300-2-5 exhibited a specific capacitance of 158 F∙g−1 at a current density of 0.05 A∙g−1. The maximum evaporation rates in the solar vapor generation experiments were 1.05 and 1.38 kg∙m−2∙h−1 under 100 and 150 mW∙cm−2 irradiation, respectively. The good performances are attributed to the robust, porous, and continuous structure.

Keywords： lignin     carbon foam     thermal pretreatment     solar vapor generation    

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Oil alternative strategies and mid-long term development goals of bio-energy

Li Shizhong

Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 6,   Pages 101-107

Abstract:

The guarantee feedstock resources for developing bio-energy in China

Keywords： bio-energy     feedstock guarantee     bio-energy product     developing goal    

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Reliability guarantee framework for the Sichuan–Tibet Railway

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2021, Volume 8, Issue 4,   Pages 480-491 doi: 10.1007/s42524-021-0170-4

Abstract: This study proposes a novel reliability framework to guarantee the ideal operation state of the Sichuan–Tibet

Keywords： Sichuan–Tibet Railway     operational efficiency     reliability guarantee     Nine-Connotation     implementation    

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speciation, leachability and bioaccessibility of Cu and Zn in animal manure-derived biochar: effect of feedstock

Qi Lin, Xin Xu, Lihua, Wang, Qian Chen, Jing Fang, Xiaodong Shen, Liping Lou, Guangming Tian

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0924-8

Abstract: , respectively) to evaluate the variance of speciation and activity of Cu and Zn as affected by the feedstockThe results showed that Cu speciation was dependent on the feedstock with Cu-citrate-like in swine manureOrganic bound Zn and Zn (PO ) -like species were dominant in both feedstock and biochars.

Keywords： Animal manure     Biochar     Metals     Molecular species     Pyrolysis    

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Potential hybrid feedstock for biodiesel production in the tropics

Solomon GIWA,Oludaisi ADEKOMAYA,Collins NWAOKOCHA

Frontiers in Energy 2016, Volume 10, Issue 3,   Pages 329-336 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0408-8

Abstract: Recently, mixture of different oils at various proportions have been used as feedstock for biodieselwhich are strongly influenced by the fatty acid composition of the individual oil that makes up the feedstockConclusively, the binary blend of oils can be a viable option to improve the fuel properties of biodiesel feedstock

Keywords： groundnut oil     palm kernel oil     methyl ester     fuel properties     tropics     fatty acid composition    

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China’s resources of biomass feedstock

Shi Yuanchun

Strategic Study of CAE 2011, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 16-23

Abstract: potentiality of biomass products in 2007, it was concluded that the total productivity of China's biomass feedstockIt was projected that to 2030, the annual potentials of biomass feedstock will be increased to 1 171

Keywords： China     biogas     material resources    

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CAR T cells redirected against tumor-specific antigen glycoforms: can low-sugar antigens guarantee a

Frontiers of Medicine 2022, Volume 16, Issue 3,   Pages 322-338 doi: 10.1007/s11684-021-0901-2

Abstract: Immune-based therapies have experienced a pronounced breakthrough in the past decades as they acquired multiple US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approvals for various indications. To date, six chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapies have been permitted for the treatment of certain patients with relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies. However, several clinical trials of solid tumor CAR-T therapies were prematurely terminated, or they reported life-threatening treatment-related damages to healthy tissues. The simultaneous expression of target antigens by healthy organs and tumor cells is partly responsible for such toxicities. Alongside targeting tumor-specific antigens, targeting the aberrantly glycosylated glycoforms of tumor-associated antigens can also minimize the off-tumor effects of CAR-T therapies. Tn, T, and sialyl-Tn antigens have been reported to be involved in tumor progression and metastasis, and their expression results from the dysregulation of a series of glycosyltransferases and the endoplasmic reticulum protein chaperone, Cosmc. Moreover, these glycoforms have been associated with various types of cancers, including prostate, breast, colon, gastric, and lung cancers. Here, we discuss how underglycosylated antigens emerge and then detail the latest advances in the development of CAR-T-based immunotherapies that target some of such antigens.

Keywords： cancer immunotherapy     chimeric antigen receptor     solid tumors     tumor-associated antigen     glycosylation     O-glycans     adoptive cell therapy    

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Service Security of Underwater Tunnel Lining Structures and Corresponding Guarantee Countermeasures

He Chuan,Liu Sijin,Zhang Yuchun and Feng Kun

Strategic Study of CAE 2017, Volume 19, Issue 6,   Pages 44-51 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.007

Abstract:

This paper analyzes four aspects of the safety problems in tunnel lining structures: design and construction, environmental erosion, sudden natural disasters, and sudden accidents. A survey of underwater tunneling such as the Huangpu River’s cross-river tunnel and the underground traffic tunnel in Shanghai was carried out, and the status quo of China’s underwater tunnel lining structure was analyzed. Based on these analyses, countermeasures guaranteeing the long-life security of underwater tunnel structures are being sought regarding tunnel construction, structural performance degradation, sudden natural disasters, and sudden accidents. These countermeasures are being sought to effectively protect and ensure the service performance of the tunnel structures during their entire life cycle. These security measures can ensure the safe performance of the structure during its entire life cycle, even under long service times. This research can serve as a reference for enhancing the structural security of underwater tunnels and other major tunnel structures.

Keywords： underwater tunnels     service security     security guarantee countermeasures     long life     structural defects    

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Safety Guarantee Measures for Subsea Shield Tunnel Segments Based on Life Cycle Deterioration Analysis

Liu Sijin,He Chuan,Sun Qi and Feng Kun

Strategic Study of CAE 2017, Volume 19, Issue 6,   Pages 52-60 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2017.06.008

Abstract:

The segment joint is the weak link in the lining structure of subsea tunnels, as it is under the continuous coupled effect of high water pressure and the corrosive seawater environment. If its performance deteriorates, it will seriously affect the safety of the lining structure of entire subsea shield tunnels. Based on an analysis of existing research into segment joint erosion and deterioration, a tunnel service time factor is introduced. Considering the influence of seawater pressure infiltration and chloride ion erosion and migration, a model analyzing the erosion and deterioration of the segment joint over its whole life cycle was subsequently established. The law governing the progressive erosion and deterioration of the segment joints of subsea tunnels over the entire life cycle was analyzed. The effects of seawater pressure and ion concentration on the erosion, deterioration, and steel corrosion of segment joints were studied. Based on the analysis of erosion and deterioration over the entire life cycle, economic and rational measures to ensure the long-term safety of the segment lining structure of subsea shield tunnels were proposed.

Keywords： shield tunnel     safety guarantee     deterioration analysis     ion erosion     segment joint    

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Genetic Crop Improvement: A Guarantee for Sustainable Agricultural Production

Jianmin Wan

Engineering 2018, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 431-432 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2018.07.019

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Kinetic-compartmental modelling of potassium-containing cellulose feedstock gasification

Attila Egedy, Lívia Gyurik, Tamás Varga, Jun Zou, Norbert Miskolczi, Haiping Yang

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 708-717 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1767-y

Abstract: could be the key to the design of industrial devices capable of processing vast amounts of biomass feedstockexperiments containing consecutive fast pyrolysis and gasification stages using alkali metal (K) containing feedstock

Keywords： biomass pyrolysis     kinetic parameter identification     compartment modelling     optimisation    

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Carbon dioxide: a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

Yogesh P. PATIL, Pawan J. TAMBADE, Sachin R. JAGTAP, Bhalchandra M. BHANAGE,

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 213-235 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0227-0

Abstract: The syntheses of carbon dioxide (CO) based industrially important chemicals have gained considerable interest in view of the sustainable chemistry and “green chemistry” concepts. In this review, recent developments in the chemical fixation of CO to valuable chemicals are discussed. The synthesis of five-member cyclic carbonates , cycloaddition of CO to epoxides is one of the promising reactions replacing the existing poisonous phosgene-based synthetic route. This review focuses on the synthesis of cyclic carbonates, vinyl carbamates, and quinazoline-2,4(1,3)-diones reaction of CO and epoxide, amines/phenyl acetylene, 2-aminobenzinitrile and other chemicals. Direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate, 1,3-disubstituted urea and 2-oxazolidinones/2-imidazolidinones have limitations at present because of the reaction equilibrium and chemical inertness of CO. The preferred alternatives for their synthesis like transesterification of ethylene carbonate with methanol, transamination of ethylene carbonate with primary amine and transamination reaction of ethylene carbonate with diamines/-aminoalcohols are discussed. These methodologies offer marked improvements for greener chemical fixation of CO in to industrially important chemicals.

Keywords： inertness     CO     phosgene-based synthetic     quinazoline-2     4     equilibrium    

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“Heavenly Road”: The Qinghai–Tibet Railway

Yongfu SUN

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2020, Volume 7, Issue 2,   Pages 304-307 doi: 10.1007/s42524-019-0079-3

Abstract: Xiaobo WANG. [J]. Front. Eng, 2019, 6(1): 131-137.Peter REDFERN, Hua ZHONG. [J]. Front. Eng, 2017, 4(2): 193-200.Qixiang FAN. [J]. Front. Eng, 2017, 4(2): 231-237.Ming-zhou Liu,Cong-hu Liu,Mao-gen Ge,Yuan Zhang,Qing-hua Zhu. [J]. Front. Eng, 2016, 3(2): 144-146.Yu Zhao,Sheng-quan Wang,Ke-chao Zhu. [J]. Front. Eng, 2015, 2(1): 35-38.Ru-gui Chen,Jia-meng Chen. [J]. Front. Eng, 2014, 1(1): 52-61.An Wang. [J]. Front. Eng, 2014, 1(1): 13-17.

Keywords： permafrost protection     sustainable development     health guarantee system    

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Rapid alloying of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy from elemental feedstock toward high-throughput synthesis

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2023, Volume 18, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0727-x

Abstract: High-entropy alloys (HEAs) are considered alternatives to traditional structural materials because of their superior mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. However, alloy composition combinations are too numerous to explore. Finding a rapid synthesis method to accelerate the development of HEA bulks is imperative. Existing in situ synthesis methods based on additive manufacturing are insufficient for efficiently controlling the uniformity and accuracy of components. In this work, laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is adopted for the in situ synthesis of equiatomic CoCrFeMnNi HEA from elemental powder mixtures. High composition accuracy is achieved in parallel with ensuring internal density. The L-PBF-based process parameters are optimized; and two different methods, namely, a multi-melting process and homogenization heat treatment, are adopted to address the problem of incompletely melted Cr particles in the single-melted samples. X-ray diffraction indicates that HEA microstructure can be obtained from elemental powders via L-PBF. In the triple-melted samples, a strong crystallographic texture can be observed through electron backscatter diffraction, with a maximum polar density of 9.92 and a high ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of (735.3 ± 14.1) MPa. The homogenization heat-treated samples appear more like coarse equiaxed grains, with a UTS of (650.8 ± 16.1) MPa and an elongation of (40.2% ± 1.3%). Cellular substructures are also observed in the triple-melted samples, but not in the homogenization heat-treated samples. The differences in mechanical properties primarily originate from the changes in strengthening mechanism. The even and flat fractographic morphologies of the homogenization heat-treated samples represent a more uniform internal microstructure that is different from the complex morphologies of the triple-melted samples. Relative to the multi-melted samples, the homogenization heat-treated samples exhibit better processability, with a smaller composition deviation, i.e., ≤ 0.32 at.%. The two methods presented in this study are expected to have considerable potential for developing HEAs with high composition accuracy and composition flexibility.

Keywords： laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF)     in situ alloying     high-entropy alloys     heat treatment     rapid synthesis    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Cerebration and Practice of Expanded feedstock sources for Ethylene units

Cao Xianghong

Journal Article

Facile strategy for carbon foam fabrication with lignin as sole feedstock and its applications

Journal Article

Oil alternative strategies and mid-long term development goals of bio-energy

Li Shizhong

Journal Article

Reliability guarantee framework for the Sichuan–Tibet Railway

Journal Article

speciation, leachability and bioaccessibility of Cu and Zn in animal manure-derived biochar: effect of feedstock

Qi Lin, Xin Xu, Lihua, Wang, Qian Chen, Jing Fang, Xiaodong Shen, Liping Lou, Guangming Tian

Journal Article

Potential hybrid feedstock for biodiesel production in the tropics

Solomon GIWA,Oludaisi ADEKOMAYA,Collins NWAOKOCHA

Journal Article

China’s resources of biomass feedstock

Shi Yuanchun

Journal Article

CAR T cells redirected against tumor-specific antigen glycoforms: can low-sugar antigens guarantee a

Journal Article

Service Security of Underwater Tunnel Lining Structures and Corresponding Guarantee Countermeasures

He Chuan,Liu Sijin,Zhang Yuchun and Feng Kun

Journal Article

Safety Guarantee Measures for Subsea Shield Tunnel Segments Based on Life Cycle Deterioration Analysis

Liu Sijin,He Chuan,Sun Qi and Feng Kun

Journal Article

Genetic Crop Improvement: A Guarantee for Sustainable Agricultural Production

Jianmin Wan

Journal Article

Kinetic-compartmental modelling of potassium-containing cellulose feedstock gasification

Attila Egedy, Lívia Gyurik, Tamás Varga, Jun Zou, Norbert Miskolczi, Haiping Yang

Journal Article

Carbon dioxide: a renewable feedstock for the synthesis of fine and bulk chemicals

Yogesh P. PATIL, Pawan J. TAMBADE, Sachin R. JAGTAP, Bhalchandra M. BHANAGE,

Journal Article

“Heavenly Road”: The Qinghai–Tibet Railway

Yongfu SUN

Journal Article

Rapid alloying of CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy from elemental feedstock toward high-throughput synthesis

Journal Article